The relationship of smokers' parents to the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in the outpatient installation of PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul General Hospital
Keywords:
parents of smokers, pneumonia in toddlersAbstract
The growth and development of toddlers is a crucial phase requiring thorough health monitoring due to their
vulnerability to illness. Pneumonia is a prevalent infection that can be triggered by multiple risk factors, including
parental smoking. This study aims to determine the relationship between paternal smoking and the occurrence of
pneumonia in toddlers. This quantitative research employed a correlational study design and a cross-sectional
approach. Sampling was performed utilizing consecutive questionnaires, encompassing 91 smoking parents of
toddler patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul General Hospital. The Pearson Chi-Square test was employed for
data analysis. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant result (p = 0.000) with Cramer's V = 0.754, demonstrating
a strong positive correlation between parental smoking and pneumonia in toddlers. The prevalence of pneumonia
was 1.1% in low smokers (19.2% of respondents), 36.3% in moderate smokers (46.2%), and 34.1% in high
smokers (34.1%). The statistical test results indicate the rejection of H₀ and the acceptance of Hₐ, signifying a
statistically significant relationship between parental smoking behavior and the occurrence of pneumonia in
toddlers. Parents are urged to enhance their understanding of the effects of smoking on children's health. Future
researchers are encouraged to further the investigation with a multidisciplinary methodology and multivariate
analysis.
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