FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCIDENCE OF INFANT DIAPER RASH IN THE NICU ROOM PKU MUHAMMADIYAH HOSPITAL, YOGYAKARTA

Abstract

Diaper rash is one of the most common skin problems in infants, especially in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, due to the infant's vulnerable skin condition and exposure to urine, feces, and diaper friction. The incidence of diaper rash may increase due to various risk factors that have not been conclusively identified. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of diaper rash in the NICU room of PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. The study used an analytic descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 38 infants was taken using consecutive sampling technique based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were obtained through observation using the Diaper Dermatitis Severity Index Score (DDSIS) instrument and medical records. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) analyses were conducted. There was a significant association between the use of diaper cream (p=0.006) and the use of antibiotics (p=0.006; OR=0.055; CI 95%=0.006-0.491) with the incidence of diaper rash. Conclusion The use of diaper cream and antibiotics showed a significant association with the incidence of diaper rash, the most dominant factor affecting the incidence of diaper rash was the use of antibiotics with OR 0.055, meaning that patients with antibiotic use reduced the incidence of diaper rash by 94.5% after being controlled by the use of diaper cream. These results emphasize the importance of evaluation in infant care practices related to the use of skin care products and antibiotic administration in the NICU room to prevent the incidence of diaper rash