Efek suplementasi insulin pada media non serum dalam kultur 3D sel punca mesenkimal pulpa gigi
Kata Kunci:
Sel punca pulpa gigi, media non serum, kultur spheroid 3D, proliferasi sel, suplementasi insulinAbstrak
Sel punca mesenkimal yang berasal dari pulpa gigi (DPSCs) merupakan kandidat yang menjanjikan dalam terapi berbasis sel maupun terapi berbasis sekretom, karena kemampuannya dalam memperbaiki jaringan dan mensekresikan berbagai molekul bioaktif. Namun, praktik kultur saat ini sebagian besar masih bergantung pada media berbasis serum, yang dapat menyebabkan variabilitas dan potensi transmisi komponen xenogenik dan patogen terhadap manusia, sehingga membatasi aplikasinya dalam terapi. Meskipun media non serum berbasis protein rekombinan menawarkan solusi alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah ini, media ini sering kali mengakibatkan penurunan laju proliferasi, yang menjadi kendala dalam produksi skala besar. Studi ini mengeksplorasi potensi suplementasi insulin dalam media non serum untuk meningkatkan proliferasi dalam kultur suspensi 3D spheroid DPSCs. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan insulin pada media non serum tidak hanya memulihkan, tetapi juga meningkatkan laju proliferasi, sehingga setara atau bahkan melampaui proliferasi yang diamati pada media berbasis serum dengan 10% FBS. Berdasarkan analisis immunophenotyping, suplementasi insulin mampu mempertahankan multipotensi serta karakteristik MSC selama periode kultur. Selain itu, peningkatan sekresi molekul imunomodulator pada media non serum yang disuplai insulin relatif meningkat dibandingkan dengan kondisi kultur konvensional. Sistem media non serum berbasis insulin yang disajikan dalam studi ini memberikan konsep metodologi kultur optimal dalam meningkatkan produksi DPSCs serta hasil produk terapeutiknya. Pendekatan ini mengatasi tantangan utama dalam kultur DPSCs non serum dan merupakan langkah signifikan menuju pengembangan proses biomanufaktur skala besar, efisien, dan relevan secara klinis. Hasil ini membuka peluang untuk penelitian lebih lanjut dalam optimalisasi kondisi kultur DPSCs, yang berpotensi mempercepat realisasi terapi berbasis DPSCs berbasis laboratorium ke aplikasi klinis.
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